Ci gaba da haɓakawa da ƙirƙira na mutum-mutumi na masana'antu sun gabatar da buƙatu masu girma ga masu yin aiki, kuma rashin daidaituwa tsakanin wadata da buƙatun hazaka a wannan fagen yana ƙara yin fice.
A halin yanzu, layin samar da mutum-mutumi mafi ban mamaki a duniya shine layin samar da walda ta atomatik.
Layin walda na mota
Mutane nawa ne suka rage a masana'antar mota da ta cika cunkoso bayan shekaru da aka samu ci gaban?
Kamfanonin kera motoci na kasar Sin tare da yawan masana'antu na shekara sun kara darajar dala tiriliyan 11.5
Sashin masana'antar kera motoci na daya daga cikin mafi tsayi a bangaren masana'antu na yanzu, inda aka samu karin darajar masana'antar kera motoci ta kasar Sin a shekarar 2019 da ya kai yuan tiriliyan 11.5. A daidai wannan lokacin, karin darajar masana'antar gidaje ta kai yuan tiriliyan 15 kacal, kuma Ƙarin darajar masana'antu na kasuwar kayan aikin gida, wanda ke da alaƙa da mu, ya kai yuan tiriliyan 1.5.
Irin wannan kwatancen za ku iya ƙara fahimtar babbar sarkar masana'antar kera motoci! Akwai ma masana'antu masu aikin mota kamar yadda ginshiƙin masana'antar ƙasa, a zahiri, bai yi yawa ba!
A cikin sarkar masana'antar kera motoci, sau da yawa muna gabatar da sassan motoci da masana'antar kera motoci daban-daban.Ma'aikatar mota ita ma abin da muke kira da injin injin.
Abubuwan da ke cikin mota sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na mota, sassan mota na ciki, kujerun mota, sassan jikin mota, batir na mota, ƙafafun mota, tayoyin mota, da kuma ragewa, kayan watsawa, inji da sauransu, har zuwa dubban sassa. Waɗannan su ne masana'antun kera motoci. .
Don haka menene ainihin ƙirar motoci ke samarwa?Waɗanda ake kira oEMS, waɗanda ke samar da babban tsarin motar, da kuma taron ƙarshe, ana gwada su, an cire layin samarwa kuma ana isar da su ga masu amfani.
Bita na kera motoci na oEMS an raba su zuwa tarurruka huɗu:
Automobile factory hudu samar Lines
Muna buƙatar yin ma'ana mai ma'ana don masana'antar mota.Muna ɗaukar ƙarfin samarwa na shekara-shekara na raka'a 100,000 a matsayin ma'auni na masana'antar kera motoci guda ɗaya, kuma muna iyakance samar da samfuri ɗaya kawai. Don haka bari mu kalli adadin mutummutumi a cikin manyan layukan samarwa huɗu na oEMS.
I. Latsa layin: 30 mutummutumi
Layin hatimi a babban injin injin shi ne taron bita na farko, wanda idan ka isa tashar mota, za ka ga taron na farko yana da tsayi sosai. yana da girma da girma, kuma yana da girma. Yawanci ƙarfin mota a cikin 50000 raka'a / shekara samar line, zai zabi mai rahusa, dan kadan jinkirin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa latsa samar line, gudun na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa latsa kullum yi kawai sau biyar a minti daya, wasu high-karshen mota masu yin mota. ko buƙatar shekara-shekara a cikin layin samar da mota don zama kusa da 100000, zai yi amfani da latsa servo, saurin servo na iya 11-15 sau / min.
Layin naushi ɗaya ya ƙunshi latsa guda 5.Na farko shine latsa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ko kuma servo press da ake amfani da shi don aiwatar da zane, kuma na ƙarshe huɗun injina ne ko na'urar servo (yawanci masu wadata kawai za su yi amfani da cikakken matsi na servo).
Robot na layin naushi galibi aikin ciyarwa ne.Ayyukan tsari yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, amma wahala ta ta'allaka ne a cikin sauri da sauri da kuma babban kwanciyar hankali.Don tabbatar da aikin barga na layin stamping, a lokaci guda, matakin sa hannun hannu yana da ƙasa.Idan aikin kwanciyar hankali ba zai yiwu ba, to, Dole ne ma'aikatan kulawa su kasance a jiran aiki a cikin ainihin lokaci.Wannan shi ne ƙarancin da za a yi la'akari da layin samarwa ta hanyar sa'a. Akwai masu sayar da kayan aiki sun ce kashewa na sa'a guda 600. Wannan shine farashin kwanciyar hankali.
Layin naushi daga farkon zuwa ƙarshe, akwai mutum-mutumi 6, gwargwadon girman da nauyin tsarin gefen jiki, da gaske za su yi amfani da 165kg, 2500-3000mm ko makamancin tazarar hannu na robot mai axis bakwai.
A ƙarƙashin yanayin al'ada, masana'antar O&M tare da ƙarfin samarwa na raka'a 100,000 / shekara tana buƙatar layukan naushi 5-6 bisa ga sassa daban-daban na tsarin idan an karɓi babban latsa servo.
Adadin robobin da ke cikin shagon tambari ya kai 30, ba tare da la’akari da yadda ake amfani da mutum-mutumi ba wajen ajiyar sassan jikin mutum.
Daga dukan layi na punching, babu buƙatar mutane, stamping kanta babban amo ne, kuma haɗarin haɗari yana da babban aiki.Saboda haka, ya kasance fiye da shekaru 20 don tayar da gefen mota don cimma cikakken aiki na atomatik.
II.Layin walda: mutummutumi 80
Bayan da stamping na mota gefen murfin sassa, daga stamping bitar kai tsaye zuwa cikin jiki a cikin farin taron line waldi.Wasu mota kamfanonin za su sami sito bayan stamping sassa, a nan ba mu yi cikakken tattaunawa.We kai tsaye ce stamping sassa fita cikin. layin walda.
Layin walda shine tsari mafi rikitarwa kuma mafi girman matakin sarrafa kansa a cikin dukkan layin samar da motoci.Layin ba inda babu mutane bane, amma inda mutane zasu iya tsayawa.
Tsarin tsarin tsarin walda gaba ɗaya yana kusa sosai, gami da walƙiya tabo, walƙiya CO2, walƙiya ingarma, walƙiya madaidaiciya, latsawa, gluing, daidaitawa, mirgina, jimlar matakai 8.
Mota waldi tsarin tsari bazuwar
Welding, latsawa, bututun ruwa, da rarraba dukkan jikin motar cikin farar ana yin su ta hanyar mutummutumi.
III.Layin rufi: 32 mutummutumi
Layin samar da sutura ya haɗa da electrophoresis, fesa bita guda biyu.Painting don gogewa a cikin zanen, fentin fenti, fentin fenti guda uku.Paint kanta yana da cutarwa ga jikin ɗan adam, don haka duk layin samar da shafi shine layin samar da ba a sarrafa ba.Daga aiki da kai. mataki na guda samar line, da asali gane 100% automation.Manual aiki ne yafi a cikin Paint hadawa mahada, da kuma samar line saka idanu da kayan aiki goyon bayan sabis.
IV.Layin taro na ƙarshe: 6+N robots haɗin gwiwa guda shida, 20 AGV mutummutumi
Layin taro na ƙarshe shine filin da ya fi ƙarfin aiki a masana'antar kera motoci a halin yanzu.Saboda yawancin sassan da aka haɗa da matakai 13, yawancin su suna buƙatar gwadawa, digiri na atomatik shine mafi ƙanƙanci a cikin matakan samarwa guda huɗu.
Tsarin taro na ƙarshe na mota: taron cikin gida na farko - taron chassis - taron ciki na biyu - CP7 daidaitawa da dubawa - gano wuri mai ƙafa huɗu - gano haske - gwajin zamewa - gwajin cibiya - gwajin ruwan sama - gwajin hanya - gwajin gwajin wutsiya - CP8- sayar da abin hawa da bayarwa.
Ana amfani da robobi guda shida na axis guda shida wajen girka kofa da sarrafa su.Lambar “N” na faruwa ne saboda rashin tabbas da yawan robobin haɗin gwiwar da ke shiga layin taron ƙarshe. Yawancin masana'antun kera motoci, musamman samfuran ƙasashen waje, irin su Audi, Benz da sauran nau'ikan na waje, sun fara amfani da mutummutumi na haɗin gwiwa don yin aiki tare da ma'aikatan hannu don tsarin shigarwa na sassan ciki da na'urorin lantarki.
Saboda mafi girma aminci, amma farashin ne mafi tsada, don haka da yawa Enterprises daga ra'ayi na tattalin arziki kudin, ko yafi amfani da wucin gadi taro.Saboda haka, ba za mu ƙidaya adadin m mutummutumi a nan.
AGV canja wurin dandamali, wanda layin taro na ƙarshe dole ne yayi amfani da shi, yana da mahimmanci a cikin taro.Wasu kamfanoni kuma za su yi amfani da mutummutumi na AGV a cikin tsarin yin hatimi, amma adadin bai kai na layin taro na ƙarshe ba. Anan, muna ƙididdige adadin adadin robobin AGV ne kawai a layin taro na ƙarshe.
AGV robot don layin haɗin mota
Takaitawa: Kamfanin masana'antar kera motoci tare da fitar da motocin 100,000 na shekara-shekara yana buƙatar mutummutumi 30 masu axis shida a cikin taron bita da kuma 80 mutummutumi na axis guda 80 a cikin taron walda don walda, walda tabo, jujjuyawar gefe, murfin manne da sauran matakai. Robots 32 don fesa.Layin taron ƙarshe yana amfani da mutum-mutumi 28 (ciki har da AGVs), wanda ya kawo adadin mutum-mutumin zuwa 170.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-07-2021
